Different types of business information Essay Example for Free

Different types of business information Essay Verbal Communication Speaking verbal to someone is speaking out loud. This includes talking face to face, in a meeting or in an interview. The advantages of verbal communication are it is a fast way to reach information but this information can be easily forgotten. Another advantage is that speech is direct and straight to the point. Another advantage is that if you ask a question you get answer straight away no need to wait around. However they are some disadvantages if you are talking to someone it may not be legal to talk to about specific topics. Another disadvantage is they are no proof to say you have spoke to that person. Also if you are speaking to someone who does not speak English it is going to take time and money to get a translator. Also another disadvantage is not everyone is listening. Face to Face Speaking face to face is a good way to communicate because you are they talking to them and you can ask those questions and get a reply straight away, also if you didn’t understand something you could just ask them to repeat themselves. However they are some disadvantages, if the person you’re talking to speaks a different language, words can be misunderstood. Phone Call Making a phone call to someone has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of a phone call is you can tell someone information quick and easy and you would get an answer straight away. Another advantage is that you can get straight to the point and you can make a phone call anywhere. The disadvantages of making a phone call is your words could be misunderstood and your line could break up. Non-Verbal Communication Digital Email Email is very quick and a very easy way of getting in touch with other people. Once you send an email its sends instantly, so they will receive it a lot faster than if you would have sent it by a letter in the post. There are some disadvantages you need a secure internet link to send emails, also you have to type the correct email address in these complications mean many people prefer to make phone calls instead of emails. Non Digital Written Communication This is an old fashion way of communicating with other people, the advantages there is none we have faster and better technology to communicate. The disadvantages are is slow, the postal service takes up to 3 days just to deliver the letter that’s if it even gets to the address because nowadays post can get lost in the system.

Italo Calvino as Author/Game-master in If On a Winters Night a Travele

Italo Calvino as Author/Game-master in If On a Winter's Night a Traveler In an interview conducted in January 1978, one year before the publication of his novel If on a winter's night a traveler (Iown), Italo Calvino responded to a question about his future writing plans with these words: "What I keep open is fiction, a storytelling that is lively and inventive, as well as the more reflective kind of writing in which narrative and essay become one" (Calvino, Hermit in Paris 190). Calvino created this very type of fiction in Iown, a novel that consists of a metafictional narrative that frames the beginnings of ten unique novels. This type of structure allows Calvino to satisfy his needs as a storyteller, and at the same time it allows him the opportunity to insert his own thoughts and opinions on theories of reading and writing. Ultimately we have the sense that this is a novel where Calvino is in total authorial control, not only in the sense that he controls the characters, the plot, the structure of the novel, etc., but also in the sense that he control s us as readers of the novel. He does so by creating a novel that is a game, complete with virtual reality-like settings where his characters act out their adventures with seemingly little control over their own destinies. Calvino acts as the ultimate game-creator/game-master who controls both the characters he creates and the real players of this game-like novel, the readers. As readers we become caught up in Calvino's playful language and his narrative tricks, but on another level we are subject to Calvino's metafictional discourse. As the true readers of Iown we cannot ignore the sections of the novel that deal with aspects of writing, authorship, and publishing in ways th... ...'Ombra lunga dell'autore], trans. William Hanley (Milano: Feltrinelli, 1999). http://www.public.asu.edu/~dgilfill/texts/benedetti.shtml. Calvino, Italo. Hermit in Paris. (New York: Pantheon, 2003). - - - -. If on a winter's night a traveler, trans. William Weaver. (San Diego: Harcourt Brace, 1981). Carter, Albert Howard III. "If on a winter's night a traveler: Fantasy and Reading." Italo Calvino: Metamorphoses of Fantasy. (Ann Arbor: UMI, 1987) 125-137. Cotrupi, C. Nella. "Hypermetafiction: Italo Calvino's If on a winter's night a traveler." Style. Vol.25:2 (Summer 1991): 280-292. Fink, I. "The Power Behind the Pronoun: Narrative Games in Calvino's If on a winter's night a traveler." Twentieth Century Literature. Vol.37:1 (Spring 1991): 93-105. Waugh, Patricia. Metafiction: The Theory and Practice of Self-Concious Fiction. (London: Methuen, 1984).

Mongolian architecture

The roof of Mongolia architecture goes back to very remote times. Ancient constructions, early complexes of men's burials which date eve from the Stone, Bronze and Early-Iron Ages are found in Mongolia. In the first millennium of our era a series of states emerged on the territory of the Central Asia replacing each other. The ruins of settlements, fortresses, palaces and strongholds of the periods can be found even today. Until now about 200 such monuments have been discovered in Mongolia.The emergence, the rise and the decline of these cities reflect the natural development and features of Nomadic Architecture. Gear (Yurt), the principal and classical dwelling of Mongolia's was ideally adapted to the nomadic way of life, and was widely spread among Trick and Mongol language tribes. Scholars relate its origin to the history of cattle breeding. The basic structure of Gear (yurt) has remained the same throughout the centuries with little modifications. The Mongolia gear (yurt) has two key components: the wooden frame work and the felt cover.The wooden wall shell is called khan†, the upper wooden poles (measuring 1. 5-3 meters) are â€Å"nun† the central supporting two columns are known as â€Å"began† and the uppermost smoke hole is â€Å"ton†, but can be closed with flaps in case of storm or rain. This opening brings sunshine and fresh air straight into the extra-ordinary roomy adobe. There is a long-rooted tradition that Mongolia's erect their gear with its door facing to the south. Gear Interior Anural interior/ According to Rasher-ad-Din, a medieval Persian historian, about 1000 gear-families formed a â€Å"Krueger†.The written sources on the history of the Mongolia Empire state that Mongolia's used â€Å"gurgles†, or gear-carts of a large size, and places on cart- commissaries. Images of gurgles are often found on rock-paintings of the Bronze Age, and t can be assumed that gurgles existed since the early times. In the medieval era large geris of kings and nomadic chieftains were on special wheeled floors and were dragged by a number of oxen. Wilhelm Roebuck, a French traveler, who visited Mongolia in 1253, wrote that such dwellings were made in a large form, and the width between the wheels of a Cambridge was 20 feet or 6 meters.He counted 22 oxen pulling one gear-Cambridge. The Iron bushes from wheels of 8 to 21 centimeters in diameter found recently during the excavations of Sharking, the XIII century capital city of the Mongolia Empire have infirmed the traveler's report. The size and the carrying capacity of such commissaries required engineer skill to ensure comfort, safety and lightness as meaner of conveyance. The system of disposition of nomadic tribes' dwellings and stands, the form and construction of geris and commissaries were passed on from generation to generation.This, naturally, influenced the planning of town-building and the development of Mongolia architecture, inseparable wit h the history of national culture. The historical sources indicate that the steppe aristocrats, besides the regular gear, also used â€Å"rod-urge' (gear-headquarters) for thousands of people. Of an interest is the observation of Plano Carping, and Italian, who participated in the ceremonies of Gymkhana's enthronement in the Palace of Guide Khan located on the of Tamari river. In his book â€Å"The History of Mongolia's† he wrote,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Large marquee of bright red color was erected and it was so big that over 2000 people could go in. There were about 4000 envoys present†¦ And around the marquee a wooden fence was built, which was decorated with different images†¦ 2000 tents were put on near the fence. † He also wrote about existence of settled palaces both in central and northern parts of Mongolia. These geris and marquees were of a simplified model and construction of nomadic architecture testified by time. The distinguishing feature was the simplici ty of assembling and disassembling system.The decorations and ornaments of these geris also were drawn in colors on silk, brocade, felt and skin. The tradition of building geris, temples and fences, using such ornaments and decorations continued till the beginning of the XX century. The requirement for the development of economy, culture, trade, handicraft, and metallurgy promoted the building of settlements, and stability of the State was accompanied by prosperity of cities, increase of settled inhabitants in number and engagement in agriculture.Construction of Sharking, the capital city of the Mongolia Empire, played an important role in monumental architecture not only of the XIII century, but also in the history of the ancient Mongolia architecture as a whole. According to the eye-witness information, the city was surrounded by a wall with four gates, and the gates were separated 3 miles from one another. There were 12 different cult constructions in the city. One of the greates t sights was five-tier Buddhist temple, built in 1256. Its height was chichi (1 chi equals to 0. 31 meter) and the width 7 Khan or 22 meters.On the ground floor there were niches where the statues of different deities were kept. All these constructions together with the khan's palace, military-metallurgic base, garrisons, agricultural areas, Babushka and Chinese rows of stalls made up a whole city, an administrative capital. Sharking served as the capital city for 40 years out of 148 years of its existence. The invasion of the city by Chinese military forces and intestine wars among the Mongolia feudal badly destroyed the city. The city was robbed and burnt down many times in the course of 200 years.Long before when Saukville-khan moved the capital city to Changeably (present Peking), the palace â€Å"Tune-Abyssinians† was built in Sharking by Guide-khan in its hey day of prosperity side by side with the five-tier Buddhist temple and other solid buildings. This palace is cons idered to be the father of Mongolia monumental architecture. The disposition of walls, the arrangement of window opening provided the large hall with illumination and ventilation. The tradition of nomadic germ's structure and the planning of Skidpan's constructions, I. The tradition of great steppes' centric conception can be discovered from the architectural composition of this palace. The palace silver tree-fountain erected by a Parisian craftsman Wilhelm draws a great interest, as it represents the real wonder of art and mechanics of those times. The volumetric-spatial structure and architectural d ©core of the palace were made in line with the technical methods mastered for centuries. Mongolia marquee Mongolia khans used to have several residences, both settled and nomadic, called as â€Å"buy ardor† (palaces-stands).The residences of Chinning Khan were in the Asian of Dull, Selenga, Hanoi and Eider rivers. â€Å"Arguing Ardor† or Arguing Palace was in Delude-bul ldog locality by Kernel river. The palace kept protected, revered and restored for hundreds of years after Chinning Khan. With the passage of time the capital cities or mobile stands of steppe khans formed a unique system of settled and nomadic town building. The medieval cities of Mongolia were multi-functional town building formations appeared under certain historical conditions, and uniquely combining the structure of nomadic and settled organization of life. Palace Bog Khan

Stalin s Influence On The Soviet Union - 1423 Words

This quote, in my opinion, does hold truth and historical context to it. Joseph Stalin indeed was a despot; a man who held complete control of the Soviet Union after Vladimir Lenin’s death in 1924. While I would have to agree that his paranoid, tyrannical, and cruel demeanor of ruling the country played a large role in the rise of a term named for him, Stalinism, I do not think that was the only reason of why he managed to keep such an iron grip on the USSR for a period of almost thirty years. Another major of reason of why terror, violence, and oppression became so widespread and prevalent in Russia was because Stalin was so gifted in using the â€Å"cult of personality.† While Stalin may have truly been as this quote described; angry, vengeful, and power-hungry, that was not the image that many people in the Soviet Union had in their heads at the time. Stalin had totalitarian control of mass-media, propaganda, and news outlets, he established himself to appear in a ce rtain way to the people, as a means to keep control of them. The State presented Stalin as the â€Å"father† or â€Å"uncle† of the USSR, who was devoted to the working class and to the Communist Party. Kind, benevolent and powerful, propaganda was a powerful weapon that represented him as their ideal and perfect leader, which people began to believe wholeheartedly, even with the events that would transpire later on in his leadership; such as the Great Terror. While Stalin’s actual personality may have been oppressive andShow MoreRelatedStalins Rise To Power984 Words   |  4 Pages Comrade General Secretary Joseph Stalin’s rise to power in the former Soviet Union was born in the midst of the Russian Revolution of 1917. His association and friendship with Vladimir Lenin also played an integral part in the dictator’s power grab. 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